1827 Genesee County Poorhouse with 1,700+ Documented Deaths
11001 Bethany Center Road, East Bethany, NY 14054
Research updated May 2026
Age
All Ages for daytime tours; ghost-hunt experiences typically 18+
Cost
$$
Daytime historical tours, paranormal investigations, and overnight events with varied pricing. Check the venue website for current schedules.
Access
Limited Access
Historic multi-floor building with stairs
Equipment
Photos OK
Est. 1827 · 19th Century Poorhouse System · New York Institutional History · Adaptive Reuse
The Genesee County Board of Supervisors voted in Bethany on December 4, 1826, to establish a county poorhouse, and the institution opened in 1827 on a 108-acre site (later expanded to over 200 acres) in what is now East Bethany. The Genesee County Poorhouse served the population that nineteenth-century institutional records called inmates: orphans, families experiencing destitution, the elderly poor, people with physical and developmental disabilities, people experiencing mental illness, and those discharged from other institutions. Able-bodied residents worked the property's self-sustaining farm, raising Holstein cattle, pigs, draft horses, chickens, and ducks alongside vegetable and fruit crops processed into jams and canned goods.
The institution was renamed the Genesee County Infirmary in 1938 as the function shifted toward medical care, and again to the Genesee County Nursing Home in 1964. The facility closed in 1974 after 147 years of continuous operation. Genesee County records document more than 1,700 deaths on the property across the institutional period, reflecting both the long history and the population served. The county history department maintains a compilation of documented deaths at the site.
The property stood vacant between 1974 and 1992. In 1992 it reopened in adaptive reuse, initially as an antiques and craft mall. Subsequent ownership transitioned the property to its current operation as Rolling Hills Asylum, a dedicated historical and paranormal-tourism site. The Haunted History Trail of New York State features Rolling Hills as one of the state's signature paranormal destinations, and the site has appeared in Weird NJ and regional broadcast features.
Sources
Rolling Hills Asylum has been the subject of multiple paranormal investigations across nearly three decades, since the property reopened to the public in 1992. The Shadowlands account, the Haunted History Trail of New York State listing, NY Ghosts, and Weird NJ coverage all describe a consistent pattern of phenomena distributed across the multi-floor historic building.
The third-floor west wing, formerly the nurses' quarters, is the most-cited location in investigator accounts. Reports include footsteps on the wood floors when the area is empty, voices in the hallways, slamming doors, and items moved between visits. Owner and investigator photography from the property includes a substantial number of images interpreted as showing orbs, mist, and figures.
The long institutional population — orphans, the elderly, people with mental illness, residents who lived their entire adult lives in the building — provides a deep documented context for residual-haunting interpretation. The Genesee County history department's compilation of documented deaths at the site is publicly available and provides specific identifying information for many of the people whose lives ended on the property.
Rolling Hills offers public ghost hunts and private investigations through a regular schedule, with the building serving as a working paranormal-research site. It is among the better-documented examples of a poorhouse-era institution that has been preserved through adaptive reuse as a dark-tourism site, rather than demolished as so many similar facilities have been.
Media Appearances
Tour the 1827 Genesee County Poorhouse complex on its 200-acre former farm site in East Bethany. The Rolling Hills Asylum organization runs daytime historical tours covering the building's 147 years as a poorhouse, infirmary, and nursing home, including the documented 1,700-plus deaths recorded on the property.
Rolling Hills Asylum is among the New York Haunted History Trail's most-visited paranormal-investigation sites, with the third-floor west wing — the former nurses' quarters — historically reported as the most-active area. Group investigations and private bookings occur regularly through the venue.
Every HauntBound history is researched from documented sources. We clearly separate verified historical fact from paranormal folklore.
Traverse City, MI
The Northern Michigan Asylum opened in 1885 as the third state psychiatric hospital in Michigan, designed under the Kirkbride Plan by architect Gordon W. Lloyd. Renamed the Traverse City State Hospital, the institution operated until 1989; the campus was redeveloped beginning in 2002 as the Village at Grand Traverse Commons, a mixed-use district of shops, restaurants, residences, and adaptive-reuse offices.
East Bethany, NY
The Genesee County Board of Supervisors established the county's poorhouse in East Bethany on December 4, 1826, and it opened in a converted stagecoach tavern in January 1827. For nearly 150 years, the facility housed orphaned children, the elderly, the physically disabled, the mentally ill, and those convicted of vagrancy. The 200-acre working farm required able-bodied residents to contribute labor. Operations cost approximately $1.08 per resident per week by 1871. The poor farm closed in 1965; the nursing home facility closed in 1974.
Salamanca, NY
The stone building at 71 Prospect Avenue was constructed in 1900 and purchased in 1903 by osteopaths Dr. John Henderson and Dr. Carol Perry, who opened it as a private holistic hospital offering baths and light therapy. The state forced the doctors to convert it to a tuberculosis sanitarium in 1923. Both physicians died in 1941, after which the property became apartments. A local family bought and restored it in 2017.