Aerial survey · USDA NAIP · public domainHannibal's oldest cemetery, established 1837 on a hilltop at Section and Sumner Streets, with pioneer, Civil War and Black-Hannibal graves — and the cemetery scene that inspired Mark Twain's Tom Sawyer.
Section St and Sumner St, Hannibal, MO 63401
Research updated September 2026
Age
All Ages
Cost
Free
Free public cemetery, daylight hours. Featured as a stop on the paid Haunted Hannibal Ghost Tours.
Access
Limited Access
Hilltop cemetery with uneven grass terrain and old grave markers; some slopes.
Equipment
Photos OK
Est. 1837 · Oldest cemetery in Hannibal · Documented burial site for formerly enslaved Hannibal residents · Inspiration for the graveyard scenes in The Adventures of Tom Sawyer · Civil War and pioneer burials
Old Baptist Cemetery was established in 1837, six years after Hannibal's incorporation, atop a hill at the intersection of Section and Sumner Streets in what is now a residential neighborhood. It was the city's first cemetery, and remained the primary burial ground for early Hannibal residents through the antebellum and Civil War decades. By the late 19th century newer cemeteries — including Mount Olivet — had taken over active burial duty, and Old Baptist gradually closed.
The cemetery contains the graves of pioneer settlers who came west from Virginia and Kentucky in the 1820s and 1830s, of Union and Confederate Civil War soldiers, and of many of Hannibal's antebellum Black residents — including a substantial number of formerly enslaved people. The Hannibal Free Public Library's cemetery roster and the Marion County GenWeb 'Slave Graves' project document this Black-Hannibal burial history. One of the cemetery's named residents, Emma Knight, was interviewed about her enslaved childhood by the WPA Federal Writers' Project in the 1930s and was buried at Old Baptist when she died in 1945.
The cemetery's literary significance comes from Samuel Clemens, who knew the hilltop graveyard as a child in the 1840s. Mark Twain's account in The Adventures of Tom Sawyer of Tom and Huck witnessing a murder among the headstones is widely understood to be set in a fictionalized Old Baptist Cemetery, and the Hannibal Free Public Library's digital cemetery project notes the Twain connection.
Hannibal's Old Baptist Cemetery continues to be cared for, with restoration work on individual markers ongoing. It is no longer in active use for new burials.
Sources
Old Baptist Cemetery is the centerpiece of the Haunted Hannibal Ghost Tours' walking-investigation segment, and the reports collected by historian-tour-guide Lisa Marks form the core of the cemetery's modern paranormal record. Per the Haunts of Missouri WordPress chronicle and the 97.9 KICK FM feature, the most-described presence is a protective spirit at the rear of the cemetery who is said to dislike visitors approaching the unmarked graves of formerly enslaved Hannibal residents buried there. Tour-goers report a strong sense of being watched and, occasionally, of being told to leave.
A second recurring report is a young girl described as playing peek-a-boo behind headstones in the northwest corner. The 97.9 KICK FM piece notes this is one of the most photographed locations on the ghost tour, with multiple visitors reporting anomalies in photographs taken in that area.
The cemetery's west fence is the setting for what witnesses describe as a tall figure in a long dark overcoat, and a separate apparition of a Civil War soldier is reported throughout the property — corroborated by the documented Civil War burials in the cemetery.
The HauntBound editorial note: the unmarked-graves narrative is rooted in real local history — formerly enslaved Black Hannibal residents were buried here, and not all graves were marked at the time of burial. The paranormal lore should be told alongside, not in place of, the documented history of these individuals' lives.
Notable Entities
The Haunted Hannibal Ghost Tour, led by local historian Lisa Marks, includes a walking investigation of the Old Baptist Cemetery, with stories of the protective spirit at the rear unmarked graves, the young girl in the northwest corner, and a Civil War soldier apparition along the west fence.
Daytime visitors can walk the hilltop cemetery to view Civil War markers, pioneer graves from Virginia and Kentucky settlers, and the graves of formerly enslaved Hannibal residents — including Emma Knight, who was profiled in the WPA Federal Writers' Project slave narratives of the 1930s.
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Atlanta, GA
Historic Oakland Cemetery was chartered in 1850 as the six-acre 'Atlanta Cemetery,' renamed Oakland in 1872, and expanded to 48 acres. Approximately 70,000 people are interred, including roughly 6,900 Confederate soldiers (3,000 unidentified), four Confederate generals, six Georgia governors, 27 Atlanta mayors, Margaret Mitchell, golfer Bobby Jones, and Maynard Jackson, Atlanta's first African American mayor. The cemetery was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on April 28, 1976.
Portland, OR
The cemetery began with the 1846 burial of pioneer Emmor Stephens on a family farm in what is now southeast Portland. In 1854 Colburn Barrell bought the land and dedicated 10 acres as 'Mount Crawford,' named after his business partner Crawford Dobbins, who died with 23 others when the steamboat Gazelle exploded at Canemah that April. Later renamed Lone Fir, the 30-acre site holds about 25,000 burials including six Portland mayors and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2007. It is now operated by Metro.
Cleveland, OH
Erie Street Cemetery was established in 1826 at the southern edge of early Cleveland and is the city's oldest surviving cemetery, holding more than 8,800 burials including early settlers, Civil War veterans, and Meskwaki performer Joc-O-Sot. It is enclosed by a 19th-century iron fence and a Gothic stone gateway and is a designated Cleveland landmark.