On July 21, 1865, James Butler Hickok killed Davis Tutt in a face-off on this square — widely cited as the first formal one-on-one duel in American West history.
128 Park Central Square, Springfield, MO 65806
Research updated August 2026
Age
All Ages
Cost
Free
Free public square. No admission required.
Access
Wheelchair OK
Paved public square with pavement markers showing the positions of each duelist.
Equipment
Photos OK
First documented Western-style pistol duel in American history · Wild Bill Hickok historical site · Springfield's most significant 19th-century crime event
James Butler Hickok and Davis Tutt had served on opposite sides during the Civil War and developed a personal conflict rooted in gambling debts. In June 1865, Tutt took Hickok's pocket watch as collateral for a card game debt and publicly wore it in Springfield — an act of deliberate provocation.
On the morning of July 21, 1865, the two men confronted each other across Park Central Square. Each drew; Tutt fired first and missed. Hickok's single shot struck Tutt through the side of his chest, killing him. Contemporary accounts estimated the men stood approximately 75 yards apart — a considerable distance for a pistol shot.
Hickok was tried for murder later that year and acquitted on grounds of self-defense. The event was reported by journalist George Ward Nichols in Harper's New Monthly Magazine in 1867, which spread the story nationally and contributed to Hickok's legend. Historians of the American West identify this encounter as the earliest documented example of a face-to-face public pistol duel that became the template for later Western folklore. The City of Springfield has marked the positions of each man in the square with pavement indicators.
Sources
No formal haunting tradition has attached to Park Central Square itself, but the site's documented history is sufficiently concrete that it operates as dark tourism without embellishment. The spot where Davis Tutt fell mortally wounded is a few dozen yards from the location of the city's first morgue at TaBak Co., where his body was taken.
The duel's enduring cultural weight comes from its documentation: Nichols' 1867 Harper's account established it as the founding story of the Western showdown archetype. Walking the square today, with the pavement markers showing the geometry of the confrontation, is an exercise in measuring exactly how much space existed between a man who lived and a man who didn't.
Notable Entities
Pavement markers embedded in Park Central Square indicate where Hickok and Tutt stood when they fired at each other across roughly 75 yards. The City of Springfield maintains interpretive signage at the site.
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