Est. 1908 · Arizona's primary execution facility since 1910 — approximately 100 executions · Site of Eva Dugan's botched 1930 hanging — prompted switch to gas chamber · Replaced Yuma Territorial Prison as Arizona's main correctional facility
Arizona Territory operated its first prison at Yuma, a facility that had already earned a grim national reputation by the turn of the century. In 1908, a replacement was built at Florence — constructed in large part by inmate labor — and the state transferred its operations there. Two years later, in 1910, the first execution was carried out at Florence, establishing what would become more than a century of continuous use as Arizona's capital punishment facility.
Hanging was the initial method, and the death chamber was built with scaffolding above death row cells and a trap door mechanism. That arrangement remained in use until 1934, when the execution of Eva Dugan produced a catastrophic failure: the rope was configured such that Dugan, convicted of murdering a Tucson-area rancher named Arthur Mathis, was decapitated rather than killed by cervical dislocation. She was the only woman ever executed at Florence and the last person hanged there. The state switched to the gas chamber immediately following.
Lethal injection was introduced in later decades as the primary method, with the gas chamber retained as an alternative option. Approximately 100 executions have been conducted at Florence since 1910, making it one of the more active execution facilities in the American Southwest across the twentieth century. Notable inmates who were held or executed there include Charles Schmid, the 'Pied Piper of Tucson' serial killer who was murdered by fellow inmates in 1975, and Gary Tison, who escaped in 1975 with his sons before dying in the desert.
The complex reduced operations in 2020 when the state determined its costs were unsustainable, and death row housing has been consolidated. The original 1908 buildings remain part of the active complex.
Sources
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arizona_State_Prison_Complex_%E2%80%93_Florence
- https://www.phoenixmag.com/2018/09/20/top-5-haunted-jails-in-arizona/
- https://4girlsandaghost.wordpress.com/2012/02/09/florence-arizona-state-prison/
Human-shaped mists near death chamberScreams with no identifiable sourceApparitions in Cell Block 3Unexplained voicesCold spotsDoors opening and closing without operation
Prison facilities that have executed people over long periods tend to generate paranormal reports from both the incarcerated and the staff — a population that has little incentive to fabricate and no ghost-tour economy to serve. The Florence complex is no exception.
The accounts concentrate around two areas: the death chamber itself and Cell Block 3. Guards and inmates across different eras have described mists in or near the execution chamber that take human shape before dissipating. Screams — described as audible and distinct from the ambient sounds of a prison environment — have been reported in areas adjacent to where executions were conducted, with no identifiable source found when the areas were checked.
Cell Block 3 generates its own category of reports: apparitions, voices with no speaker, cold spots, and doors that open and close without the mechanism being operated. Multiple guards have been documented in press accounts as unwilling to patrol the death house alone after dark — a reluctance that, given the professional context, is noteworthy.
The execution of Eva Dugan in 1930 — the botched hanging that decapitated her — is the most specific historical event cited in connection with paranormal reports at the facility, though the accounts of activity are not confined to any single area or tied to a specific documented death beyond the general weight of a century of executions.